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ASTM C856-14

Standard Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened Concrete

Automaticky preložený názov:

Štandardné praktiky pre petrografická zatvrdnutého betónu

NORMA vydaná dňa 1.6.2014

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Dostupnosť	SKLADOM
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Informácie o norme:

Označenie normy: ASTM C856-14
Poznámka: NEPLATNÁ
Dátum vydania normy: 1.6.2014
Kód tovaru: NS-15318
Počet strán: 17
Približná hmotnosť: 51 g (0.11 libier)
Krajina: Americká technická norma
Kategória: Technické normy ASTM

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Anotácia textu normy ASTM C856-14 :

Keywords:

aggregates, air voids, alkali-silica reaction, analysis, deterioration, examination, fire effects, hardened concrete, microscopy, paste, petrographic, secondary deposits, ICS Number Code 91.100.30 (Concrete and concrete products)

Doplňujúce informácie

1. Scope

1.1 This practice outlines procedures for the petrographic examination of samples of hardened concrete. The samples examined may be taken from concrete constructions, they may be concrete products or portions thereof, or they may be concrete or mortar specimens that have been exposed in natural environments, or to simulated service conditions, or subjected to laboratory tests. The phrase “concrete constructions” is intended to include all sorts of objects, units, or structures that have been built of hydraulic cement concrete.

Note 1: A photographic chart of materials, phenomena, and reaction products discussed in Sections 8 – 13 and Tables 1-6 are available as Adjunct C856 (ADJC0856).

1.2 The petrographic procedures outlined herein are applicable to the examination of samples of all types of hardened hydraulic-cement mixtures, including concrete, mortar, grout, plaster, stucco, terrazzo, and the like. In this practice, the material for examination is designated as “concrete,” even though the commentary may be applicable to the other mixtures, unless the reference is specifically to media other than concrete.

Note 2: Appendix X1 outlines an uranyl acetate method for identifying locations where alkali-silica gel may be present. It is a requirement that the substances in those locations must be identified using any other more definitive techniques, such as petrographic microscopy.

1.3 The purposes of and procedures for petrographic examination of hardened concrete are given in the following sections:

Section

Qualifications of Petrographers and Use of Technicians

Purposes of Examination

Apparatus

Selection and Use of Apparatus

Samples

Examination of Samples

Specimen Preparation

Visual and Stereomicroscope Examination

Polarizing Microscope Examination

Paste Features

Report

1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific hazard statement is given in 6.2.10.1.

2. Referenced Documents

C342-97	Standard Test Method for Potential Volume Change of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Withdrawn 2001)
Adjunct C856 (ADJCO856)	A chart of 27 photos Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. . Original adjunct produced in 1995.
E883-11(2017)	Standard Guide for Reflected-Light Photomicrography
E3-11(2017)	Standard Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
C1260-23	Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method)
C1012-04	Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution
C823-00	Standard Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened Concrete in Constructions
C805-02	Standard Test Method for Rebound Number of Hardened Concrete
C803/C803M-23	Standard Test Method for Penetration Resistance of Hardened Concrete
C597-22	Standard Test Method for Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Through Concrete
C496/C496M-17	Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C227-10	Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method) (Withdrawn 2018)
C215-19	Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Resonant Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
C457-09	Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of Parameters of the Air-Void System in Hardened Concrete
C125-21a	Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates (Includes all amendments and changes 10/14/2021).
C452-21	Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
C441-05	Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or Ground Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica Reaction