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ASTM G88-13e1

Standard Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service (Includes all amendments And changes 11/3/2021).

NORMA vydaná dňa 1.10.2013

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Informácie o norme:

Označenie normy: ASTM G88-13e1
Poznámka: NEPLATNÁ
Dátum vydania normy: 1.10.2013
Kód tovaru: NS-1020181
Počet strán: 26
Približná hmotnosť: 78 g (0.17 libier)
Krajina: Americká technická norma
Kategória: Technické normy ASTM

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Kategórie - podobné normy:

Anesteziologická, respirační a resuscitační zařízení

Anotácia textu normy ASTM G88-13e1 :

Keywords:
burning, burn-resistant materials, combustion, contamination, fire, heat of compression, ignition, oxygen-enriched atmosphere, oxygen service, oxygen system, particle impact, propagation, system cleanness,, ICS Number Code 11.040.10 (Anaesthetic, respiratory and reanimation equipment)

Doplňujúce informácie

Significance and Use

4.1 Purpose of Guide G88—The purpose of this guide is to furnish qualified technical personnel with pertinent information for use in designing oxygen systems or assessing the safety of oxygen systems. It emphasizes factors that cause ignition and enhance propagation throughout a system's service life so that the occurrence of these conditions may be avoided or minimized. It is not intended as a specification for the design of oxygen systems.

4.2 Role of Guide G88—ASTM Committee G04’s abstract standard is Guide G128, and it introduces the overall subject of oxygen compatibility and the body of related work and related resources including standards, research reports and a videoG128 Guide to Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen-Enriched
Systems

G88 Designing Systems for Oxygen Service

G175 Evaluating the Ignition Sensitivity and Fault Tolerance of
Oxygen Regulators

G63 Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials

D2512 Compatibility of Materials With Liquid Oxygen
(Mechanical Impact)

D2863 Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration to Support
Candle-Like Combustion (Oxygen Index)

D4809 Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by
Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)

G72 Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in
High-Pressure Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres

G74 Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Gaseous Fluid Impact

G86 Determining Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Mechanical
Impact in Pressurized Oxygen Environments

G114 Aging Oxygen-Service Materials Prior to Flammability
Testing

G125 Measuring Liquid and Solid Material Fire Limits in Gaseous
Oxidants

G94 Evaluating Metals

G124 Determining the Combustion Behavior of Metallic Materials
in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres

G93 Cleaning Methods for Material and Equipment

G120 Determination of Soluble Residual Contamination in
Materials and Components by Soxhlet Extraction

G136 Determination of Soluble Residual Contaminants in
Materials by Ultrasonic Extraction

G144 Determination of Residual Contamination of Materials and
Components by Total Carbon Analysis Using a High
Temperature Combustion Analyzer

G127 Guide to the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen
Systems

G122 Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of
Cleaning Agents

G121 Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the
Evaluation of Cleaning Agents

G131 Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic
Techniques

G145 Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems

G126 Terminology Related to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of
Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres

Manual 36 – Safe Use of Oxygen and Oxygen Systems: Guidelines for Oxygen System Design, Materials Selection, Operations, Storage, and Transportation

4.3 Use of Guide G88—Guide G88 can be used as an initial design guideline for oxygen systems and components, but can also be used as a tool to perform safety audits of existing oxygen systems and components. When used as an auditing tool for existing systems, Guide G88 can be applied in two stages: first examining system schematics/drawings, then by visually inspecting the system (that is, “walking the pipeline”). Guide G88 can be used in conjunction with the materials selection/hazards analysis approach outlined in Guides G63 and G94 to provide a comprehensive review of the fire hazards in an oxygen or oxygen-enriched system (1).⁵

1. Scope

1.1 This guide applies to the design of systems for oxygen or oxygen-enriched service but is not a comprehensive document. Specifically, this guide addresses system factors that affect the avoidance of ignition and fire. It does not thoroughly address the selection of materials of construction for which Guides G63 and G94 are available, nor does it cover mechanical, economic or other design considerations for which well-known practices are available. This guide also does not address issues concerning the toxicity of nonmetals in breathing gas or medical gas systems.

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

1.3 This standard guide is organized as follows:

Section Title	Section
Referenced Documents	2
ASTM Standards	2.1
ASTM Adjuncts	2.2
ASTM Manuals	2.3
NFPA Documents	2.4
CGA Documents	2.5
EIGA Documents	2.6
Terminology	3
Significance and Use	4
Purpose of G88	4.1
Role of G88	4.2
Use of G88	4.3
Factors Affecting the Design for an Oxygen or Oxygen- Enriched System	5
General	5.1
Factors Recognized as Causing Fires	5.2
Temperature	5.2.1
Spontaneous Ignition	5.2.2
Pressure	5.2.3
Concentration	5.2.4
Contamination	5.2.5
Particle Impact	5.2.6
Heat of Compression	5.2.7
Friction and Galling	5.2.8
Resonance	5.2.9
Static Electric Discharge	5.2.10
Electrical Arc	5.2.11
Flow Friction	5.2.12
Mechanical Impact	5.2.13
Kindling Chain	5.2.14
Other Ignition Mechanisms	5.2.15
Test Methods	6
System Design Method	7
Overview	7.1
Final Design	7.2
Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated Temperatures	7.3
Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated Pressures	7.4
Design for System Cleanness	7.5
Avoid Particle Impacts	7.6
Minimize Heat of Compression	7.7
Avoid Friction and Galling	7.8
Avoid Corrosion	7.9
Avoid Resonance	7.10
Use Proven Hardware	7.11
Design to Manage Fires	7.12
Anticipate Indirect Oxygen Exposure	7.13
Minimize Available Fuel/Oxygen	7.14
Avoid Potentially Exothermic Material Combinations	7.15
Anticipate Common Failure Mechanism Consequences	7.16
Avoid High Surface-Area-to-Volume (S/V) Conditions where Practical	7.17
Avoid Unnecessarily-Elevated Oxygen Concentrations	7.18
Anticipate Permutations from Intended System Design	7.19
Avoid Designs and Failure Scenarios that can Introduce Potential Flow Friction Ignition Hazards	7.20
Use Only the Most Compatible of Practical Materials and Designs	7.21
Provide Thorough Safety Training for All Personnel Working with Oxygen or Oxygen-Enriched Components or Systems, including Design, Cleaning, Assembly, Operations, and Maintenance as Applicable to Personnel	7.22
Miscellaneous	7.23
Examples	8
Key Words	9
References

Section Title

Section

Referenced Documents

ASTM Standards

2.1

ASTM Adjuncts

2.2

ASTM Manuals

2.3

NFPA Documents

2.4

CGA Documents

2.5

EIGA Documents

2.6

Terminology

Significance and Use

Purpose of G88

4.1

Role of G88

4.2

Use of G88

4.3

Factors Affecting the Design for an Oxygen or Oxygen-
Enriched System

General

5.1

Factors Recognized as Causing Fires

5.2

Temperature

5.2.1

Spontaneous Ignition

5.2.2

Pressure

5.2.3

Concentration

5.2.4

Contamination

5.2.5

Particle Impact

5.2.6

Heat of Compression

5.2.7

Friction and Galling

5.2.8

Resonance

5.2.9

Static Electric Discharge

5.2.10

Electrical Arc

5.2.11

Flow Friction

5.2.12

Mechanical Impact

5.2.13

Kindling Chain

5.2.14

Other Ignition Mechanisms

5.2.15

Test Methods

System Design Method

Overview

7.1

Final Design

7.2

Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated Temperatures

7.3

Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated Pressures

7.4

Design for System Cleanness

7.5

Avoid Particle Impacts

7.6

Minimize Heat of Compression

7.7

Avoid Friction and Galling

7.8

Avoid Corrosion

7.9

Avoid Resonance

7.10

Use Proven Hardware

7.11

Design to Manage Fires

7.12

Anticipate Indirect Oxygen Exposure

7.13

Minimize Available Fuel/Oxygen

7.14

Avoid Potentially Exothermic Material Combinations

7.15

Anticipate Common Failure Mechanism Consequences

7.16

Avoid High Surface-Area-to-Volume (S/V) Conditions
where Practical

7.17

Avoid Unnecessarily-Elevated Oxygen Concentrations

7.18

Anticipate Permutations from Intended System Design

7.19

Avoid Designs and Failure Scenarios that can Introduce
Potential Flow Friction Ignition Hazards

7.20

Use Only the Most Compatible of Practical Materials
and Designs

7.21

Provide Thorough Safety Training for All Personnel
Working with Oxygen or Oxygen-Enriched
Components or Systems, including Design,
Cleaning, Assembly, Operations, and
Maintenance as Applicable to Personnel

7.22

Miscellaneous

7.23

Examples

Key Words

References

2. Referenced Documents

G63-15(2023)	Standard Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxygen Service
G72-01	Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
G93-03e1	Standard Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
G94-22	Standard Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
G128-02	Standard Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems
Manual 36	Safe Use of Oxygen and Oxygen Systems: Guidelines for Oxygen System Design, Materials Selection, Operations, Storage, and Transportation
	Oxygen Safety Videotape and Separate
G175-13(2021)	Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ignition Sensitivity and Fault Tolerance of Oxygen Pressure Regulators Used for Medical and Emergency Applications
G74-13(2021)	Standard Test Method for Ignition Sensitivity of Nonmetallic Materials and Components by Gaseous Fluid Impact
NFPA 53	Recommended Practice on Materials, Equipment, and Systems Used in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
NFPA 50	Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites

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