ASTM F1478-17

5.1 The degree of image abraded from a copy or printed image may be affected by various factors, including the type of machine, condition of the machine, supplies employed, time since imaging, and environmental conditions. As many as possible of these variables should be controlled during the test. If available, a control sample with known characteristics should be run along with the test samples.

5.2 This test method may be used to determine image resistance to damage or deterioration as a result of exposure to abrasive forces, such as automated document handling devices.

5.3 This test method may be used for control of product quality, comparative analysis of machines, comparative analysis of imaging components, as well as a research and development tool.

5.4 This test method is adaptable to images produced from most nonimpact printers and copiers. The printers shall be capable of utilizing the available program to produce the specified image.

5.5 If the user wishes to simulate the type of damage or smudge resulting from paper rubbing against the printed image or from normal handling, consideration should be given to using either the Crockmeter Method (Test Method F1319) or the Sutherland Rub Method (Test Method F1571 or Practice F2497).

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the amount of image abraded from the surface of a document.

1.2 This test method may be used to evaluate the abrasion resistance of images produced by business imaging products, including nonimpact printers, thermal transfer printers, and copiers. The machine shall be capable of producing the specified image.

1.3 Testing focuses on determining the amount of imaged material removed, resulting from forces which impart a rubbing or grinding action principally on the top surface of the image.

1.4 Comparison may be made between various imaging devices or the image-producing components of an individual machine.

1.5 Other test methods employing the Crockmeter and Sutherland Rub Tester may be used to evaluate the smudge and abrasion characteristics. Results by these test methods are not necessarily equivalent to those obtained by this test method.

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.