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ASTM E310-21
Standard Reference Radiographs for Tin Bronze Castings
NORMA vydaná dňa 1.7.2021
Informácie o norme:
Označenie normy: ASTM E310-21
Dátum vydania normy: 1.7.2021
Kód tovaru: NS-1030303
Počet strán: 5
Približná hmotnosť: 15 g (0.03 libier)
Krajina: Americká technická norma
Kategória: Technické normy ASTM
Kategórie - podobné normy:
Anotácia textu normy ASTM E310-21 :
Keywords:
brass, casting discontinuities, copper, gamma ray, reference radiographs, tin bronze, valve bronze, X-ray,, ICS Number Code 77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals),77.150.60 (Lead, zinc and tin products)
K tejto norme patria tieto doplnky:
ASTM RRE0310
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Reference Radiographs for E310 Tin Bronze Castings + Active Standard
Vybraný formát: Anglicky - Film (1791.30 EUR)
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ASTM RRE3185
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Reference Radiographs for E310 Tin Bronze Castings + Active Standard
Vybraný formát: Anglicky - DVD-ROM (1186.20 EUR)
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| Significance and Use | ||||||||||||||||
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4.1?Personnel utilizing reference radiographs to this standard shall be qualified to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard such as ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, SNT-TC-1A, NAS 410, ISO 9712, or a similar document and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. Personnel shall be authorized to perform radiographic interpretation by the employer. A certified Level III shall be available to assist with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person). 4.2?Reference radiographs for tin bronze and related alloy castings are intended to be used as a guide to the recognition of common discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and severity level. Discontinuity types most common to these alloys are illustrated. For reference, descriptions of typical casting defects and corresponding radiographic indication types are contained in Section 5. Purchasers and suppliers may, by mutual agreement, select particular discontinuity categories (see 1.2) to serve as standards representing minimum levels of acceptability (see Sections 7 and 8). 4.3?Reference radiographs represented by this standard may be used, as agreed upon in a purchaser supplier agreement, for energy levels, thicknesses, or both, outside the range of this standard when determined applicable for the casting service application. Section 10 addresses purchaser supplier requisites where weld repairs may be required. 4.4?Procedures for evaluation of production radiographs using applicable reference radiographs of this standard are prescribed in Section 9; however, there may be manufacturing-purchaser issues involving specific casting service applications where it may be appropriate to modify or alter such requirements. Where such modifications may be appropriate for the casting application, all such changes shall be called-out in the purchaser supplier agreement or contractual document. 4.5?The following ASTM specifications illustrate alloys covered by these standards; however, it is intended that these reference radiographs also apply to related government and commercial material specifications:
1.1?These reference radiographs illustrate
various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities
occurring in tin bronze and related alloy castings. The reference
radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and must be
purchased separately from ASTM International if needed (see
2.2). Categories and severity
levels for each discontinuity type represented by these reference
radiographs are described in 1.2.
Note 1:?The basis of application for these reference
radiographs requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of
radiographic examination attributes and classification criterion
described in Sections 4,
7, 8, 9, and 10 of this standard.
1.2?These reference radiographs consists of twenty-two 21/2?by 51/2-in. (63.5 by 139.7-mm) nominal size reproductions originally exposed with low voltage X-rays. Fifteen of these were produced with 1 in. (25.4 mm) plate castings and seven (sand inclusions, inserts, chaplets) were produced with 3/4-in. plate castings originally derived for NAVSHIPS 250-537-1 and -2. The 1-in. plate castings cover gas porosity, linear shrinkage, and feathery shrinkage discontinuity types. The original radiographs illustrate discontinuities in sand cast 88:8:4 Cu-Sn-Zn, G type, bronze alloy plates and are representative of those found in wide solidification range copper-tin base alloys. Following is a list of discontinuity categories, types, and severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of this standard: 1.2.1?Category AGas porosity; severity levels 1 through 5 for up to and including 2 in. (50.8 mm). (Called Code A discontinuity type in previous revisions.) 1.2.2?Category BSand inclusions; severity levels 1 through 5 for up to and including 2 in. (50.8 mm). (Called Code B discontinuity type in previous revisions.) 1.2.3?Category CShrinkage; two types (Called Code C discontinuity type in previous revisions). 1.2.3.1?CaLinear shrinkage; severity levels 1 through 5 for up to and including 2 in. (50.8 mm). (Called Code Ca discontinuity type in previous revisions.) 1.2.3.2?CdFeathery and spongy shrinkage (see Note 2); severity levels 1 through 5 for up to and including 2 in. (50.8 mm). (Called Code Cd discontinuity type in previous revisions.) Note 2:?The feathery shrinkage discontinuity type is used to
illustrate aggregate severity levels for either feathery or spongy
shrinkage discontinuity types (see 6.1).
1.2.4?Category DHot tear; one illustration (Called Code Da discontinuity type in previous revisions). 1.2.5?Category EInserts, chaplets; one illustration (Called Code Eb discontinuity type in previous revisions). 1.3?From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard. 1.4?UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5?This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6?This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. |
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