ASTM D7589-14

Subject

Section

Introduction

Scope

1

Referenced Documents

2

Terminology

3

Summary of Test Method

4

Significance and Use

5

Apparatus

6

General

6.1

Test Engine Configuration

6.2

Laboratory Ambient Conditions

6.3

Engine Speed and Torque Control

6.4

Dynamometer

6.4.1

Dynamometer Torque

6.4.2

Engine Cooling System

6.5

External Oil System

6.6

Fuel System

6.7

Fuel Flow Measurement

6.7.2

Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the Fuel
 Flowmeter

6.7.3

Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to Engine Fuel Rail

6.7.4

Fuel Supply Pumps

6.7.5

Fuel Filtering

6.7.6

Engine Intake Air Supply

6.8

Intake Air Humidity

6.8.1

Intake Air Filtration

6.8.2

Intake Air Pressure Relief

6.8.3

Temperature Measurement

6.9

Thermocouple Location

6.9.5

AFR Determination

6.10

Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems

6.11

Exhaust Manifolds

6.11.1

Laboratory Exhaust System

6.11.2

Exhaust Back Pressure

6.11.3

Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations

6.12

Engine Oil

6.12.2

Fuel to Fuel Flowmeter

6.12.3

Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail

6.12.4

Exhaust Back Pressure

6.12.5

Intake Air

6.12.6

Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure

6.12.7

Coolant Flow Differential Pressure

6.12.8

Crankcase Pressure

6.12.9

Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus

6.13

Test Engine Configuration

6.13.1

ECU (Power Control Module)

6.13.2

Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate

6.13.3

Wiring Harness

6.13.4

Oil Pan

6.13.5

Engine Water Pump Adapter Plate

6.13.6

Thermostat Block-Off Plate

6.13.7

Oil Filter Adapter Plate

6.13.8

Modified Throttle Body Assembly

6.13.9

Fuel Rail

6.13.10

Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation

6.14

Reagents and Materials

7

Engine Oil

7.1

Test Fuel

7.2

Engine Coolant

7.3

Cleaning Materials

7.4

Preparation of Apparatus

8

Test Stand Preparation

8.2

Engine Preparation

9

Cleaning of Engine Parts

9.3

Engine Assembly Procedure

9.4

General Assembly Instructions

9.4.1

Bolt Torque Specifications

9.4.2

Sealing Compounds

9.4.3

Harmonic Balancer

9.4.5

Thermostat

9.4.6

Coolant Inlet

9.4.7

Oil Filter Adapter

9.4.8

Dipstick Tube

9.4.9

Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioner’s

9.4.10

Ignition System

9.4.11

Fuel Injection System

9.4.12

Intake Air System

9.4.13

Engine Management System

9.4.14

Accessory Drive Units

9.4.15

Exhaust Manifolds

9.4.16

Engine Flywheel and Guards

9.4.17

Lifting of Assembled Engines

9.4.18

Engine Mounts

9.4.19

Non-Phased Camshaft Gears

9.4.20

Internal Coolant Orifice

9.4.21

Calibration

10

Stand/Engine Calibration

10.1

Procedure

10.1.1

Reporting of Reference Results

10.1.2

Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils

10.1.3

Instrument Calibration

10.2

Engine Torque Measurement System

10.2.3

Fuel Flow Measurement System

10.2.4

Coolant Flow Measurement System

10.2.5

Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System

10.2.6

Humidity Measurement System

10.2.7

Other Instrumentation

10.2.8

Test Procedure

11

External Oil System

11.1

Flush Effectiveness Demonstration

11.2

Preparation for Oil Charge

11.3

Initial Engine Start-Up

11.4

New Engine Break-In

11.5

Oil Charge for Break-In

11.5.2

Break-In Operating Conditions

11.5.3

Standard Requirements for Break-In

11.5.4

Routine Test Operation

11.6

Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures

11.6.1

Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures

11.6.2

Test Operating Stages

11.6.3

Stabilization to Stage Conditions

11.6.4

Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle

11.6.5

BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1

11.6.6

BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil

11.6.7

BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil Run 2

11.6.8

BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil

11.6.9

Percent Delta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2

11.6.10

Test Oil Flush Procedure

11.6.11

Test Oil Aging, Phase I

11.6.12

BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil

11.6.13

Test Oil Aging, Phase II

11.6.14

BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil

11.6.15

Oil Consumption and Sampling

11.6.16

Flush Procedure for BL Oil (BLA) After Test Oil

11.6.17

General Test Data Logging Forms

11.6.18

Diagnostic Review Procedures

11.6.19

Determination of Test Results

12

Final Test Report

13

Precision and Bias

14

Keywords

15

Annexes

The Role of the ASTM Test Monitoring Center and the
 Calibration Program

Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus

Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure

Engine Part Number Listing

Safety Precautions

Report Format

Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviations

Oil Sump Full Level Determination Consumption
 Measurement Calibration Procedure

Fuel Injector Evaluation

Pre-test Maintenance Checklist

Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements

Calculation of Test Results

Calculation of Unweighted Baseline Shift

Non–Phased Cam Gear and Position Actuator Installation Procedure

Appendix

Procurement of Test Materials

D323-20a

Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method) (Includes all amendments and changes 12/9/2020).

IEEE/ASTM SI-10

Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System

D445-23

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)

D525-12a(2019)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method) (Includes all amendments and changes 12/12/2019).

D6837-13

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIB Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2022)

E29-22

Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications

E191-64(1999)e1

Standard Specification for Apparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic Compounds

D4175-23a

Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants (Includes all amendments and changes 12/21/2023).

D4485-22e1

Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils (Includes all amendments and changes 12/8/2022).

D5185-18

Standard Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)

D5453-19a

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence (Includes all amendments and changes 8/13/2019).

D3338-08

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels

D4052-22

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter

D6750-23

Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)

D1319-20a

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption (Includes all amendments and changes 9/14/2020).

D2699-23b

Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel (Includes all amendments and changes 1/17/2024).

D3231-24

Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline

D3237-22

Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

D240-19

Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter

D235-22

Standard Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)

D86-23ae1

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Includes all amendments and changes 2/9/2024).

D381-22

Standard Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation