API RP 2FPS-ed.2

Anotácia textu normy API RP 2FPS-ed.2 :

API RP 2FPS, 2nd Edition, October 2011 - Planning, Designing, and Constructing Floating Production Systems

This document provides requirements and guidance for the structural design and/or assessment of floating offshore platforms used by the petroleum and natural gas industries to support the following functions:

• ? production;
• ? storage and/or offloading;
• ? drilling and production;
• ? production, storage and offloading;
• ? drilling, production, storage and offloading.

NOTE 1 Floating offshore platforms are often referred to using a variety of abbreviations, e.g. FPS, FSU, FPSO, etc. (see Clauses 3 and 4), in accordance with their intended mission.

NOTE 2 In this standard, the term “floating structure”, sometimes shortened to “structure”, is used as a generic term to indicate the structural systems of any member of the classes of platforms defined above.

NOTE 3 In some cases, floating platforms are designated as “early production platforms”. This term relates merely to an asset development strategy. For the purposes of this International Standard, the term “production” includes “early production”.

Its requirements do not apply to the structural systems of mobile offshore units (MOUs). These include, among others:

• ? floating structures intended primarily to perform drilling and/or well intervention operations (often referred to as MODUs), even when used for extended well test operations;
• ? floating structures used for offshore construction operations (e.g. crane barges or pipelay barges), for temporary or permanent offshore living quarters (floatels), or for transport of equipment or products (e.g. transportation barges, cargo barges), for which structures reference is made to relevant recognized classification society (RCS) rules.

Its requirements are applicable to all possible life-cycle stages of the structures defined above, such as

? design, construction and installation of new structures, including requirements for inspection, integrity management and future removal,

? structural integrity management covering inspection and assessment of structures in-service, and

? conversion of structures for different use (e.g. a tanker converted to a production platform) or reuse at different locations.

The following types of floating structure are explicitly considered within the context of this standard:

• a) monohulls (ship-shaped structures and barges);
• b) semi-submersibles;
• c) spars.

In addition to the structural types listed above, this standard covers other floating platforms intended to perform the above functions, consisting of partially submerged buoyant hulls made up of any combination of plated and space frame components and used in conjunction with the stationkeeping systems covered in API 2SK. These other structures can have a great range of variability in geometry and structural forms and, therefore, can be only partly covered by the requirements of this standard. In other cases, specific requirements stated in this standard can be found not to apply to all or part of a structure under design.

In all the above cases, conformity with this standard will require that the design is based upon its underpinning principles and achieves a level of safety equivalent, or superior, to the level implicit in it.

NOTE The speed of evolution of offshore technology often far exceeds the pace at which the industry achieves substantial agreement on innovation in structural concepts, structural shapes or forms, structural components and associated analysis and design practices, which are continuously refined and enhanced. On the other hand, International Standards can only capture explicit industry consensus, which requires maturation and acceptance of new ideas. Consequently, advanced structural concepts can, in some cases, only be partly covered by the provisions of standard.

This standard is applicable to steel floating structures. The principles documented herein are, however, considered to be generally applicable to structures fabricated in materials other than steel.

Similarly, while this document is directly applicable to oil and gas producing platforms operating at ambient temperature, the principles documented herein are considered to be generally applicable to structures used in conjunction with cryogenic processes, such as floating liquefied gas (FLNG) plants, with the exception of the aspects related to handling and storage of cryogenic liquids.

The structural design and fabrication of the drilling and production modules supported by a floating structure can be carried out in accordance with API 2A–WSD, 21st Edition, Errata and Supplement 3.