ASTM F1337-10(2015)

6.1.1 System performance requirements are achieved reliably by appropriate use and accommodation of the human component of the system.

6.1.2 Usable design of equipment, software, and environment permits the human-equipment/software combination to meet system performance goals.

6.1.3 System features, processes, and procedures do not constitute hazards to humans.

6.1.4 Trade-offs between automated and manual operations results in effective human performance and appropriate cost control.

6.1.5 Manpower, personnel, and training requirements are met.

6.1.6 Selected HSI design standards are applied that are adequate and appropriate technically.

6.1.7 Systems and equipments are designed to facilitate required maintenance.

6.1.8 Procedures for operating and maintaining equipment are efficient, reliable, approved for maritime use, and safe.

6.1.9 Potential error-inducing equipment design features are eliminated, or at least, minimized, and systems are designed to be error-tolerant.

6.1.10 Layouts and arrangements of equipment afford efficient traffic patterns, communications, and use.

6.1.11 Habitability facilities and working spaces meet environmental control and physical environment requirements to provide the level of comfort and quality of life for the crew that is conducive to maintaining optimum personnel performance and endurance.

6.1.12 Hazards to human health are minimized.

6.1.13 Personnel survivability is maximized.

6.4.1 Identify Components—During the identify components phase, which is analogous to the capabilities requirements phase in the government process, basic requirements for the acquisition are defined. This includes, but is not necessarily limited to, operating specifications, applicable laws, human and marine system performance expectations, and estimated crew size. These requirements are used to determine the types of ships/offshore facility equipment, systems, structures, and other components that will be needed.

6.4.2 Assess—During the assess phase, trade-offs between design alternatives are performed. This is analogous to the materials solutions analysis phase in the government acquisition process. The trade-off process focuses on comparing various alternatives for the equipment and other components identified during the previous phase, as well as exploring alternatives for the design for considerations such as space arrangements.

6.4.3 Select—During the select phase, which is analogous to the government technology development and engineering and manufacturing development phases, the results of the Assess phase are used to “select” the design, in essence to develop the detailed design of the marine system. The design is developed with computer-aided design (CAD) drawings and specifications. Trade-offs continue to be made as the design is detailed out. A final design solution is defined in the design specification or specifications.

6.4.4 Execute—During the execute phase, which is analogous to the government production and deployment phase, the marine system is built in accordance with the specifications developed during the Select phase. This phase also includes testing, commissioning, and, for offshore facilities, installation where it will be used. Where appropriate, the marine system is classified by appropriate classification societies.

6.4.5 Operate—During the Operate phase, which is analogous to the government Operations and Support phase, the marine system is operated as designed.

6.5.1 Government NDI—In the government, NDIs are commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies and systems that may provide the required capabilities and provide opportunities for quicker deployment at reduced development costs. NDI acquisitions normally follow a spiral acquisition process, but they can also be part of a standard acquisition strategy. In spiral development, the capability for each increment is pre-planned with a specific capability delivered at the increment’s conclusion. During each increment, there are a number of “spirals” that involve the developer, the user, and the tester with continuous feedback and experimentation.

6.5.2 Commercial Ship NDI—Commercial ship and offshore facility acquisitions frequently rely on a NDI approach that re-uses existing ship or platform designs with modifications or upgrades. The procuring organization provides the detailed specifications for the ship or platform to the shipyard. The shipyard comes back with a list of alternatives (products, systems, and components) for each aspect of the design. The procuring organization selects the alternatives that are integrated into the ship or installation. Each alternative offered to the procuring organization should have been developed in accordance with the requirements stipulated in this document. The integration process for the alternatives also should be in accordance with this practice.

6.6.1 HSI activities during modernization may include any of those listed in the following sections but scaled to focus on the modifications and their integration with the existing design. HSI activities should focus on determining the impact of the modifications on existing manpower, personnel, and training (MPT) requirements and identifying how MPT considerations may need to be modified for successful integration. HSI activities also focus on ensuring that modifications are integrated into the existing marine system without any negative implications to human performance, safety, occupational health, survivability or habitability.

1.1.1 Ships and offshore structures.

1.1.2 Marine systems, machinery, and equipment developed to be deployed on a ship or offshore structure where their design, once integrated into the ship or offshore structure, will potentially impact human performance, safety and health hazards, survivability, morale, quality of life, and fitness for duty.

1.1.3 Integration of marine systems and equipment into ships and offshore structures including arrangements, facility layout, installations, communications, and data links.

1.1.4 Modernization and retrofitting ships and offshore structures.